USACO 2015 December Contest, Silver
Problem 3. Breed Counting
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Farmer John's $N$ cows, conveniently numbered $1 \ldots N$, are all standing in
a row (they seem to do so often that it now takes very little prompting from Farmer
John to line them up). Each cow has a breed ID: 1 for Holsteins, 2 for
Guernseys, and 3 for Jerseys. Farmer John would like your help counting the
number of cows of each breed that lie within certain intervals of the ordering.
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INPUT FORMAT (file bcount.in):
The first line of input contains $N$ and $Q$ ($1 \leq N \leq 100,000$, $1 \leq Q \leq 100,000$).The next $N$ lines contain an integer that is either 1, 2, or 3, giving the breed ID of a single cow in the ordering.
The next $Q$ lines describe a query in the form of two integers $a, b$ ($a \leq b$).
OUTPUT FORMAT (file bcount.out):
For each of the $Q$ queries $(a,b)$, print a line containing three numbers: the number of cows numbered $a \ldots b$ that are Holsteins (breed 1), Guernseys (breed 2), and Jerseys (breed 3).SAMPLE INPUT:
6 3 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 6 3 3 2 4
SAMPLE OUTPUT:
3 2 1 1 0 0 2 0 1
Problem credits: Nick Wu